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On-X Carbon Properties
On-X carbon is an advanced form of pure, isotropic pyrolytic carbon that was developed and patented in 1992 by the founders of On-X Life Technologies, Inc. While originally developed for prosthetic heart valves, On-X carbon has properties that are desirable for a variety of devices.
On-X carbon has a toughness and flexural strength not achievable with the more brittle silicon-alloyed carbon. The purity and surface finish of On-X carbon provide maximum biocompatibility.
Typical Surface Properties of On-X carbon
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Critical Surface Tension (dynes/cm) | 42 |
| Surface Roughness Ra(nm) | 33.9 |
| Surface Chemistry Carbon (Atomic %) | ~85 |
| Surface Chemistry Silicon (Atomic %) | 0 |
| Surface Chemistry Oxygen (Atomic %) | ~15 |
Typical Mechanical Properties of On-X carbon
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Wear Resistance | 1.23x10 -6 mm 3 / km |
| Coefficient of friction | 0.15 |
| Young's Modulus (GPa) | 26 |
| Flexural Strength (MPa) | 490 |
| Density (gm/cm 3) | 1.9 |
| Strain to Failure (%) | 1.6 |
| Strain Energy (MPa-mm/mm) | 7.7 |
| Residual Stress (MPa) | 18.2 |
| Fracture toughness (MPa m 1/2) | 1.67 |
| Fatigue Threshold (MPa m1/2) | 1.11 |
| Fatigue Crack Velocity (m/cycle) | 3.98x10 -15 ? K 70.3 |
Biocompatibility Tests and Results
| Tests | Result |
|---|---|
| Cytotoxicity L-929 Membrane Elution | non-cytotoxic |
| Sensitization ISO Kligman | 0% sensitization |
| Grade I sensitization rate | not significant |
| Irritation Saline CSO | negligible irritant |
| Acute Systemic Toxicity Saline CSO | negative |
| Rabbit Pyrogen | non-pyrogenic |
| USP Physical / Chemical Screening Tests | passes USP standards |
| Mutagenicity Ames | non-mutagenic |
| Hemolysis Direct Contact Rabbit Blood | non-hemolytic |
| Complement Activation | non-activating |
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